Genome research. A scientist's gloved hand removes a 96-well sample tray of human cDNA (complementary DNA) from a freezer, where it is cooled for storage. These trays enable large quantities of cloned cDNA to be stored. It will be used for gene sequencing. This DNA research is conducted at The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA. Here the structure and function of human genes is analysed. At TIGR, cDNA ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) are produced; these tags" enable the reading of cDNA, lengths of copied genetic material identical to genes. Mapping human genes will enable the development of gene therapies for inherited human diseases."