Lillien Jane Martin (1851-1943), American psychologist and educator. She received a Ph.D in psychology from the University of Gottingen in 1898 and became a professor of psychology at Stanford University, later becoming first female department head at a university. She wrote on hypnotism, personality, abnormal psychology, and aesthetics, among other topics. Upon academic retirement, she became a consulting psychologist and established mental health clinics. She spent the rest of her career in gerontological research and clinical work. A female pioneer in psychology has been ignored throughout history. Her contributions to the study of children and the elderly have impacted the way these individuals are viewed; yet very few people have heard of her.